Trade Marks Act, 1999

Protect your brand

Secure and defend your trademark and IP — check if your brand is registrable before you file, reply to examination objections, oppose a conflicting mark, defend your own application, or send a cease-and-desist to an infringer. Built for founders, businesses, and IP practitioners.

45 Classes
Nice classification
Sec 9 & 11
Objection grounds
4 months
To oppose a mark
From ₹399
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Frequently asked questions

How long does trademark registration take in India?

For an unopposed mark, registration typically takes about 12-18 months from filing. If the mark faces an examination objection or an opposition, it can take considerably longer — oppositions alone can add 12-24 months.

What is a trademark examination report?

After filing, the Registry examines the mark and may raise objections under Section 9 (the mark is descriptive or non-distinctive) or Section 11 (it is similar to earlier marks). You must reply to overcome these before the mark is advertised.

Can I oppose someone else's trademark?

Yes. Once a mark is advertised in the Trade Marks Journal, anyone can file a notice of opposition (Form TM-O) within 4 months. The applicant must then file a counter-statement within 2 months or the application is abandoned.

Registered vs unregistered trademark — does it matter?

A registered trademark gives you statutory rights and a straightforward infringement remedy. An unregistered mark can only be protected through a passing-off action, which requires proving goodwill — harder and costlier. Registration is strongly advisable.

Are these documents legal advice?

No. They are document-preparation aids generated from your inputs and are not legal advice under the Advocates Act, 1961. Have the draft reviewed by a registered trademark agent or IP attorney before filing or sending it.

Important. These products are document-preparation aids based on the information you supply. They are not legal advice or an opinion under the Advocates Act, 1961, and are not a substitute for advice from a registered trademark agent or IP attorney. Trademark deadlines (examination reply, 4-month opposition, 2-month counter-statement) are strict — verify and have the draft reviewed before filing. All deliverables reference Indian law and Indian rupees (₹).